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1900-1914 American History Vocabulary Please define your term in complete sentences and place THREE photos, documents, or other primary sources (movies?) in the section on our class page. When you have completed your topic you will place your entry on this page.

1.) Spanish-American War- A “splendid little war” between the United States and Spain that started on April 25th and ended on August 12th, 1898. The conflict was started when the United States became involved in the conflict between the Spanish and the inhabitants of Cuba. When the USS Maine went to Cuba to project American and exploded in the harbor the United States blamed the Spanish and declared war. The war was relatively short and one-sided since the United States was a rising world power and the Spanish were losing their long-held empire. When the conflict concluded the United States won Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Filipinos that expected independence after the defeat of the Spanish were disappointed by the U.S. occupation and fought a violent rebellion which was brutally suppressed. Remington's "Charge Up San Juan Hill" The USS Maine after its' destruction Political Cartoon portraying the American Empire

2.) Jim Crow Jim Crow were a set of laws that seperated the blacks and the whites in public places. They rules were set primarily in the south but not exclusively. The rules restricted blacks from using the white bathrooms, restaurants, and any other place that it would be seen that blacks and whitets were mixing. The segregation was de jure meaning that it was inacted though a fixed set of laws. The laws may differ slightly from town to town but the single mindset of the southern american white male was that blacks could in no case come near the whites. However not all whites enacted the ideals of Jim Crow. Those that didnt were heavily scrutinized and many of the whites within the town would turn against them. The blacks were thought to be unclean and filthy and in all cases inferior to the white american, even though the adopted slogan was "seperate but equal." Quickly the blacks became tired of the treatment that they recieved, and started forming groups. These early groups eventually gave rise to what we know today as the Civil Rights Movement.

3.)Women’s Suffrage Movement Women's Suffrage- In the early 19th century may women were second-class citizens because their life only consisted of taking care of their homes and their familys. Many women after they were married were not allowed to own property, maintain wages, sign a contract, or even vote. Many women in the 19th century had to be independent on their husbands. Women were not allowed to travel or better yet speak in public. Women had to listen to their husbands at all times and the women were inferior to their husbands. Alice Paul and The National Women's Party begun using more tactics to work for a federal suffrage amendment to the constitution. The women staged the white house with large marches and demonstrations, going to jail. While these women were going on march they would strave their self the whole time through out the march and the police forced tubes down the womens throat so that they could eat. Thousands of women took part in these marches. In 1913 Paul led a march of eight thousand women on President Woodrow Wilson's inauguration day. During the second inaugural Paul led a march around the White House. During World War 1, when women took up jobs in factories to support the war, as well as taking more active roles in the war than in previous wars. After the war, even the more restrained National American Woman Suffrage Association, headed by Carrie Chapman Catt, took many opportunities to remind the President, and the Congress, that women's war work should be rewarded with recognition of their political equality. Wilson responded by beginning to support woman suffrage. On June 4, 1919, the United States Senate also endorsed the Amendment, voting 56 to 25, and sending the amendment to the states. And so on August 26, 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution became law, and women could vote in the fall elections, including in the Presidential election. suffrage.jpg Feminist_Suffrage_Parade_in_New_York_City%2C_1912.jpg \ external image 3a32338v.jpg

4.) Panama Canal

Panama Canal The United States built the Panama Canal to have a quicker passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. It cost $400,000,000 to build. Columbians would not let Americans build the canal, but then with the assistance of the United States a Panamanian Revolution occurred. The new ruling people allowed the United States to build the canal.

5.) Theodore Roosevelt

Image:President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg

Image:President Theodore Roosevelt, 1904.jpg

Theodore Roosevelt was born in a four-story brownstone at 28 East 20th street, in the modern-day Gramersy section of New York City. Roosevelt was the twenty-sixth President of United States, in that time was assassinated by a social anarchist in September 1901. Roosevelt ascends to the President at the age 42 years old. He was the youngest person to reach presidency in the United States. Before he became president he was an author he wrote three books and he got married again with Edith Kermit Carow. When he was president he organized and helped command the 1st U.S. The Rough Riders during the Spanish war he was the hero then he was elected governor. A “trust Buster” He was clear, however, to show he did not disagree with trust and capitalism. Also he was the first U.S. president to call for universal health care and national health care. 1906 he attacked big business and suggested the courts were biased against labor unions. In 1910 he broke with his friend and anointed successor William Howard Taft but lost the Republican nomination to Taft and ran in the 1912 election on his own one-time Bull Moose Ticked. Roosevelt toke control of the Panama Canal.

The Roosevelt’s had been in New York since the mid-17th century and had grown with the emerging New York commerce class after the American Revolution. Roosevelt was born into a wealthy family by the 19th century, the family had grown in wealth, power and influence from the profits of several businesses including hardware and plate-glass importing. Theodore Roosevelt was a governor of New York and a professional historian, naturalist, explorer, hunter, author, and soldier.

Theodore Roosevelt as Badlands hunter in 1885. New York studio photo.

Theodore Roosevelt as Badlands hunter in 1885. New York studio photo.

Theodore Roosevelt as Blandlands hunter in 1885. New York studio photo. Roosevelt built a second ranch, which he named Elk Horn, thirty-five miles (56 km) north of the boomtownb of Medora,North Dakota. On the banks of the Little Missouri, Roosevelt learned to ride, rope, and hunt. He rebuilt his life and began writing about frontier life for Eastern magazines.

Colonel Roosevelt and the Rough Riders after capturing San Juan Hill

Colonel Roosevelt and the Rough Riders after capturing San Juan Hill

Colonel Roosevelt and the rough riders after capturing San Juan Hill. Upon the 1898 Declaration of war launching the Spanish American war, Roosevelt resigned from the Navy deparment. With the aid of U.S. Army Colonel Leonar Wood, Roosevelt found volunters from cowboys from the Western territories to Ivy League friends from New York, forming the first U.S. Volunteer Calvary Regiment. The newspaper called them the "Rough Riders."1

6.) Booker T. Washington 7.) W.E.B. Dubois

William Edward Burghardt Du Bois ((February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was an American civil rights activist, public intellectual, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, educator, historian, writer, editor, poet, and scholar. He became a naturalized citizen of Ghana in 1963 at the age of 95.[2] David Levering Lewis, a biographer, wrote, "In the course of his long, turbulent career, W. E. B. Du Bois attempted virtually every possible solution to the problem of twentieth-century racism — scholarship, propaganda, integration, national self-determination, human rights, cultural and economic separatism, politics, international communism, expatriation, third world solidarity."[3 His lifetime efforts for the African American community were focused on confronting the racism of the day directly and demanding that equal rights be granted immediately.

8.) Muckraker (Upton Sinclair)

external image Upton_Beall_Sinclair_Jr.jpg

[Upton Sinclair popular author of the 20th century]

The early 1900's was the beginning of not only a political movement, but health and sanitation for America. Believe it or not this movement was a revolution in itself. It turned America's old habits all the way around building new laws and a foundation for itself.This was a time when children worked a normal 9 to 5 job, people lived in slums, and sanitation just was not a concern to those trying to make a living. But, to some out there sanitation was a problem and they were determined to fix it.

The word muckraker is said to have originated from the great president Theodore Roosevelt. He coined this word during a speech in 1906 while comparing them to "The Man with the Muckrake" in John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress. In this same year, Upton Sinclair came out with his famous book "The Jungle." It focused on the conditions of filth in the meat packing industry. It also talked about the wages people were making and how the political parties were doing nothing to help.

external image Jungle_cover.jpg

It took a few tries for him to get the book published, but once it was it immediately became a best-seller. Although his original intent was to open peoples eyes to the low wages and working conditions, food safety became the main focus of others. In his book, Sinclair talked about the dissapearance of workers and how many of them that fell into rendering vats were left and sold as lard. After this book came out, many inspection and regulation laws were made. This made food and safety so much better. In the end, Sinclair did not reach his goal on wages, but he did open Americans eyes to the filth and danger of meats and factories.

[Sinclairs published book]

external image Chicago_meat_inspection_swift_co_1906.jpg

[new inspection laws]

9.) Yellow Journalist (Hearst, Pulitzer)

1900-1920

Yellow Journalist-

Yellow journalism is a type of journalism that instead of repoting all news it just reports scandals and other types of news that seem appealing. It doesn't always cover the most legitimate topics. Yellow journalists display their stories with lots of pictures and big bold headlines. These tactics make the newspaper/magazine seem less boring and and more appealing then other standard newspapers, and most cases sell more.

The origins of yellow jouranilsm began in 1895 in New York when two newspapers the New York World (Joseph Pulitzer) and The New York Journal (William Randolph Hearst) began competing for circulation, and each newspaper started adding stuff to gain popularity. The term Yellow Journalism came from the comic strip that were included in these types of papers called Yellow Boy,what happend was the ink from the comic strip spread and caused all the pages to be tinted yellow thus coining the phrase Yellow Journalism.

(Yellow Boy Comic) 10.) Bull Moose Party 11.) Temperance Movement om the beginning of the 20th century, until the early twenties, organizations made the issue of prohibition of alcohol a national issue. This effort came with the passage of the eighteenth amendment banning the sale, or consumption of alcohol anywhere in the US. In order to get their point across prohibitionists needed to prove the evils which were presented by alcohol. Groups like the American Medical Association, along with other members of the educated public, joined forces in order to fight the evils which alcohol presented. These people, along with businessmen, tried to explain how alcohol violated the theories of proper social life. Other groups tried to show how alcohol would ruin the American way of life. Women were the major force behind the temperance movement. The reason for this was because they were afraid of the abuse, disease, and poverty which was brought on by alcohol. Women were looking to preserve the purity of the American family, and therefore were very involved in influencing legislation. But the Temperance movement was a total disaster. "Bootleggers" brought alcohol over from Canada, and many people became quite proficient in developing home-made brews. However, it was a process which helped shape America. For the first time women became very active in influencing legislation, and the democratic process.

illustration made in 1906

illustration made in 1906 "Wine, wife, and song" printed 1873

"Wine, wife, and song" printed 1873 Image:The Drunkard's Progress - B&W.jpg

Image:The Drunkard's Progress - B&W.jpg

12.) Woodrow Wilson Woodrow Wilson was the 28th President of the United States. He regarded himself as the personal representative of the people. He felt that no one but the President should be expected to look out for the general interests of the country. Wilson took personal control of negotiations with Germany. Woodrow Wilson was born in Virgina in 1854. Woodrow Wilson graduated from Princeton, then the College of New Jersey, and the University of Virginal Law School. Woodrow Wilson died February 3, 1924 in Washington, D.C.

Woodrow Wilson

Woodrow Wilson external image wilson.jpg

Portrait, Woodrow Wilson

Portrait, Woodrow Wilson

13.) Election of 1912

image: party candidates cartoon

For the United States presidential election of 1912 it was fought among three major candidates, two of whom had previously won election to the office. Incumbent President William Howard Taft was renominated by the Republican party with the support of the conservative wing of the party. After former President Theodore Roosevelt failed to get the Republican nomination, he called his own convention and created a new Progressive Party which was nicknamed the Bull Moose Party. It nominated Roosevelt and ran candidates for other offices in major states. Democrat Woodrow Wilson was nominated on the 46th ballot of a contentious convention, thanks to the support of William Jennings Bryan. He defeated both Taft and Roosevelt in the general election, winning a huge majority in the Electoral College despite only winning 42% of the popular vote, and initiating the only period between 1892 and 1932 when a Democrat was elected President. Wilson was the second of only two Democrats to be elected President between 1860 and 1932. This was also the last election in which a third party candidate came in second in the Electoral College.

‹ 1908 Flag of the United States 1916 › United States presidential election, 1912 November 5, 1912

Nominee Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Party Democratic Progressive Republican Home state New Jersey New York Ohio Running mate Thomas R. Marshall Hiram Johnson Nicholas Murray Butler Electoral vote 435 88 8 States carried 40 6 2 Popular vote 6,296,284 4,122,721 3,486,242 Percentage 41.8% 27.4% 23.2% United States presidential election, 1912

14.) John Muir was born on April 21, 1838 and was a Scottish-born American. He was a naturalist, author, and advocate of conservation of the wilderness. He walked a thousand miles, from Indiana to Florida, and then wrote a book about his adventures called, "A Thousand Mile Walk to the Gulf." He planned to continue on to South America, but was stricken with malaria and went to California instead. His books telling about his adventures in the wildlife have been read by millions and are still popular today. His writings and philosophy influenced the formation of the modern enviromental movement. His activism helped save the Yosemite Valley, Sequoia National Park, and other wilderness areas. He founded the Sierra Club, which is now one of the most important conservations in the U.S.

external image Yosemite_Valley_from_Inspiration_Point_in_Yosemite_NP.JPG external image John_Muir_Cane.JPG

Yosemite Valley was his inspiration. He said that "No temple made with hands can compare with Yosemite," and "Yosemite is the grandest of all special temples of Nature."

external image California_quarter%2C_reverse_side%2C_2005.jpg

John Muir appears on the California quarter. 15.) William Jennings Bryan “Cross of Gold”

William Jennings Bryan Joined the prosecution in the " Monkey Trials" (Scopes Trial) against the teachings of evolution in schools, he was supposed to be an expert on the Bible, but was made to look silly in the case and died soon afterwardOne of the most popular speakers in American history, he was noted for a deep, commanding voice. Bryan was a devout Presbyterian, a supporter of popular democracy, a critic of banks and railroads, a leader of the silverite movement in the 1890s, a leading figure in the Democratic Party, a peace advocate, a prohibitionist, an opponent of Social Darwinism, and one of the most prominent leaders of Populism in late 19th- and early 20th century. Because of his faith in the goodness and rightness of the common people, he was called "The Great Commoner." In the intensely fought 1896 election and 1900 election, he was defeated by William McKinley but retained control of the Democratic Party. For presidential candidates, Bryan invented the national stumping tour. In his three presidential bids, he promoted Free Silver in 1896, anti-imperialism in 1900, and trust-busting in 1908, calling on Democrats, in cases where corporations are protected, to renounce states rights to fight the trusts and big banks, and embrace populist ideas. His most famous speech called the "Cross of Gold" encouraged the government to change the monetary system.

16.) Birth of a Nation Image:Birth-of-a-nation-poster-color.jpg

1.) "Birth of a Nation" A very influencial film that was very popular when it was made in 1915. The general public thought that is was very realistic. People were amazed because the scenes were well produced. The director of this film is D.W Griffith. The film was set during and after the Civil War and was released on February 8, 1915. This film introduces two juxtaposed families the Northern Stonemans, consisting of abolitionist Congressman Austin Stoneman. The Stonemans boy meets this girl and he falls in love with her. Then when the war starts all the members that are involved get geared up and go. This film is also about the blacks and whites how they were very disrespectful to each other. For example, the white males would would scare all the blacks away by pretending to be scarecrows. This film gave a false image of blacks living in the south, also made people in the north scared.

17.) Pancho Villa

external image 486px-Pancho_villa_horseback.jpg

external image 486px-Pancho_villa_horseback.jpg PANCHO VILLA external image 44.jpg

external image 44.jpg

external image Hey%20Gringo%20poster%20copy.jpg

external image Hey%20Gringo%20poster%20copy.jpg external image r?t=a&d=us&s=a&c=p&ti=1&ai=30751&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a300529&ip=cdbc7483&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keelynet.com%2Fmexicojerry%2Fvillarewardlg.jpg

external image r?t=a&d=us&s=a&c=p&ti=1&ai=30751&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a300529&ip=cdbc7483&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keelynet.com%2Fmexicojerry%2Fvillarewardlg.jpg external image r?t=a&d=us&s=a&c=p&ti=1&ai=30751&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a300510&ip=cdbc74d2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fi42.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe328%2FDr_Mario_Dj%2FI_want__you__gringo.jpg

external image r?t=a&d=us&s=a&c=p&ti=1&ai=30751&l=dir&o=0&sv=0a300510&ip=cdbc74d2&u=http%3A%2F%2Fi42.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fe328%2FDr_Mario_Dj%2FI_wantyougringo.jpg

Born as Dorote Arango Arámbula but best know as Pancho Villa was a Mexican Revolutionary General. To the poor peasant Mexicans he is know as a hero, but the Americans on the other hand see him as a bandit. Mexicans saw Pancho Villa as a hero because he was like a modern-day Robin Hood. He would steal cattle, rob shipments of money, commit crimes against the wealthy. Everything he stole he would give to the poor peasants. All of this stared when he was 16-years old working at a hacienda he saw the owner of the hacienda rape his younger sister. When he saw this he shot the man and ran away and became a bandit. Living as bandit Villa joined with Franciso Madero revolutionary forces. They together formed the Dicision del Norte. The skills that Villa had as a fighter and the skills of a leader he was made a general. When Venustiano Carranza was running for presidency, Pancho Villa he wasn't very happy. The US government supported Carranza and his presidency so Villa retaliated by raiding the US border towns. The US goverment for years tried to find him to but couldn't. He lived in Parral,Chihuahlua until he was assassinated in July 20, 1923. external image Villa%20Assassination%2001.jpg

external image Villa%20Assassination%2001.jpg

external image pancho.gif

external image pancho.gif

BY: CRISTAL MENDEZ and BROOK SANDERS 18.) Federal Reserve

external image Organiztion_of_the_Federal_Reserve_System.jpg

external image Organiztion_of_the_Federal_Reserve_System.jpg external image Federal_Reserve.jpg

external image Federal_Reserve.jpg external image Fed_Reserve.JPG

external image Fed_Reserve.JPG

Federal Reserve- The Federal Reserve System is the central banking used across America but is located in Washington DC. The bank was started in 1913. There are 13 other branches to the system that are located in major cities all over the United States. The Federal Reserve System was made for the simple fact of all of America’s government would be placed in the bank; Woodrow Wilson was the president at the time to pass this law. The main headquarters is in Washington DC, the chairman is a man named Ben Bernanke; the currency is the US dollar. The Base borrow rate of the system is 2% and the base deposit rate is 3.5%. The whole purpose for this bank to be made is to address the bank panics. Cody Redding and Serena Cucuzza

. ~Bull Moose Party!!~

external image Chemist.JPG external image Aa_addams_work_2_e.jpg

The Bull Moose Party is the party of the United States Progressive Party of 1912. This party was created in the United States, by split in the Republican Party. In the year of 1912 when the presidential election was going on. It was formed by Theodore Roosevelt. Theodore Roosevelt was a Republican. He was running against the Republican Taft and the Democrat Woodrow Wilson. The split between the Republicans and the Proggressives allowed the Democrat Wilson to win the election. none  Optional: comment for page history

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